ຫຍ້າຄາ / Cogongrass

Use

Fibre

Medicine

Oil Extract

Shelter

Scientific Name / Family

Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. / Poaceae

Synonyms

Arundo epigeios Forssk. ex Steud.
Calamagrostis lagurus Koeler
Imperata allang Jungh.
Imperata angolensis Fritsch
Imperata arundinacea Cirillo
Imperata arundinacea var. africana Andersson
Imperata arundinacea var. europaea Andersson
Imperata arundinacea var. glabrescens Büse
Imperata arundinacea var. indica Andersson
Imperata arundinacea var. koenigii (Retz.) Benth.
Imperata arundinacea var. latifolia Hook.f. Synonym
Imperata arundinacea var. pedicellata (Steud.) Debeaux
Imperata cylindrica var. africana (Andersson) C.E.Hubb.
Imperata cylindrica var. cylindrica
Imperata cylindrica var. europaea (Andersson) Asch. & Graebn.
Imperata cylindrica subsp. koenigii (Retz.) Tzvelev
Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii (Retz.) Pilg.
Imperata cylindrica var. latifolia (Hook.f.) C.E.Hubb.
Imperata cylindrica var. major (Nees) C.E.Hubb.
Imperata cylindrica f. pallida Honda
Imperata cylindrica var. parviflora Batt. & Trab.
Imperata cylindrica var. pedicellata (Steud.) Debeaux
Imperata cylindrica var. thunbergii (Retz.) T.Durand & Schinz
Imperata dinteri Pilg.
Imperata filifolia Nees ex Steud.
Imperata koenigii (Retz.) P.Beauv.
Imperata koenigii var. major Nees
Imperata laguroides (Pourr.) J.Roux
Imperata latifolia (Hook.f.) L.Liou
Imperata pedicellata Steud.
Imperata praecoquis Honda
Imperata robustior A.Chev.
Imperata sieberi Opiz
Imperata sisca P.Beauv. ex Steud.
Imperata thunbergii (Retz.) Nees
Imperata thunbergii (Retz.) Roem. & Schult.
Lagurus cylindricus L.
Saccharum cylindricum (L.) Lam.
Saccharum cylindricum var. europaeum Pers.
Saccharum diandrum J.Koenig ex Retz.
Saccharum europaeum Pers.
Saccharum indum Pers.
Saccharum koenigii Retz.
Saccharum laguroides Pourr.
Saccharum sisca Cav.
Saccharum spicatum J.Presl
Saccharum spicatum Burm. ex Kunth
Saccharum thunbergii Retz.

Other Names

Eng: Japanese bloodgrass, blady grass, alang-alang, lalang grass, cotton wool grass, kura-kura, kunai grass

Botanical Description

ເປັນພືດລົ້ມລຸກຫຼາຍປີ, ມີຮາກເຫງົ້າໃຕ້ດີນທີ່ແຮງແຂງສາມາດຈະເລີນເຕີບໂຕໄດ້ດີໃນດີນ ແຜ່ກະຈາຍອອກເປັນວົງກວ້າງ, ຫຍ້າຄາໂດຍທົ່ວໄປແລ້ວຈະສູງປະມານ 1-2 ແມັດ. ໃບຈະເປັນຈຸ້ມອອກມາຈາກໂຄນເຫງົ້າໃກ້ໆກັບດີນ. ແຜ່ນໃບຮຽວຍາວ, ກວ້າງ 0.5-1 ຊມ, ຍາວ 30-50 ຊມ, ໂຄນຮູບຫຼີ້ມ, ປາຍແຫຼມ, ຂອບໃບລຽບ, ແຜ່ນໃບສີຂຽວເຂັ້ມທັ້ງສອງດ້ານ, ເມື່ອໃບຍັງອ່ອນຈະຕັ້ງຂື້ນ, ເມື່ອເລີ້ມແກ່ຈະໂຄ້ງລົງ. ດອກອອກເປັນຊໍ່ຕັ້ງຂື້ນ, ດອກເປັນສີຂາວ ເປັນເສັ້ນຝອຍໆ. ເມື່ອເປັນໝາກຈະສັງເກດເຫັນເມັດສີດຳ ແລ້ວປີ້ວກັບນວນສີຂາວ.

Description of Use

ຫຍ້າຄາແມ່ນເກັບກູ້ເຮັດຄືກັບກ່ຽວເຂົ້າໃນນາ, ໃຊ້ກ່ຽວສຳລັບການເກັບກູ້ ກ່ຽວເຮັດເປັນມັດແລ້ວເອົາມາຕາກແດດໃຫ້ແຫ້ງດີ, ແລ້ວສາງໃຫ້ເປັນລະບຽບຈົບງາມເປັນລຳລຽງກັນແລ້ວກໍ່ເຮັດເປັນມັດໄວ້ນຳເອົາໄປໄພເຊີ່ງເພີ່ນເອົາມາໄມ້ປ໋ອງມາເຮັດເປັນດູກຈາມ, ຜ່າອອກເປັນສາມກີບຍາວປະມານ 2 ມ, ຫຼື ອີ່ງຕາມຄວາມເໝາະສົມ, ແລ້ວເພີ່ນເອົາຫຍ້າທີ່ທີ່ຕາກແຫ້ງ ແລະ ສາງໄວ້ນັ້ນມາສານໃສ່ກັບໄພຫຍ້າຈົນສຸດໄມ້ດູກຈາມທີ່ເຮັດດ້ວຍໄມ້ປ່ອງນັ້ນແລ້ວກໍ່ເອົາຕ໋ອກ ຫຼື ສາຍເຊືອກມັດໄວ້. ຈາກນັ້ນກໍ່ສາມາດເອົາໄປນຳໃຊ້ໃນການມູ້ງຖຽງໄຮ່ຖຽງນາ ແລະ ຖຽງສວນໄດ້ຕາມສະບາຍ. ຫຍ້າເຮັດໃຫ້ເປັນວັດຖຸທີ່ສາມາດນຳໄປມູ້ງຫຼັງຄາ, ຫືຼ ໃຊ້ແອມເຮືອນປູກເຫັດໄດ້ ເພາະວ່າມີການປູກເຫັດຈະຮັກສາອຸ່ນຫະພູມສະເໜີ, ອື່ນຢ່າງໜື່ງເມື່ອບໍ່ຕ້ອງການໃຊ້ແລ້ວກໍ່ເອົາຖີ່ມບ່ອນໃດກະໄດ້ ມັນກໍ່ຍ່ອຍສະຫຼາຍໄປຕາມທຳມະຊາດ ບໍ່ເປັນຜິດຕໍ່ສີ່ງແວດລ້ອມ. ແຕ່ເສັ້ນໃຍຂອງມັນກໍ່ສາມາດກຸ່ມໄດ້ຫຼາຍປີພໍສົມຄວນຖ້າເກັບເອົາຫຍ້າທີ່ແກ່ດີ. ໃນປະຈຸບັນໄດ້ມີການໄພຫຍ້າຂາຍທີ່ສາມາດເຫັນໄດ້ທົ່ວໄປຕາມຫຼວງພະບາງ, ຫຼື ນະຄອນຫຼວງກໍ່ເຫັນເຊັ່ນດຽວກັນ. ໄພຍາວປະມານ 2 ມ, ກໍ່ລາຄາປະມານ 5000ກິບ. ສ່ວນຫຼາຍແມ່ນມັກມຸ້ງເຮືອນນ້ອຍ ຫຼື ສາລາເພື່ອເປັນບ່ອນນັ່ງຫຼີ້ນ.

References / Citations

Wibowo, A.M., Suharti, A.P.S., Sagala, H., Hibani, H. & Van Noordwijk, M. 1997. Fire management on Imperatta grasslands as part of agroforestry development inIndonesia. Agroforestry Systems 36: 203-217.

Aken’Ova., M.E. & Atta-Krah, A.N. 1986. Control of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.) in an alley-cropping fallow. Nitrogen-Fixing Tree Research Reports 4: 27-28.

Akobundu, I.O. & Ekeleme, F., 2000. Effects of method of Imperata cylindrica management on maize grain yield in the derived savanna of south-western Nigeria. Weed Res. 40: 335-341.

Akobundu, I.O., Udensi, U.E. & Chikoye, D. 2000. Velvetbean (Mucuna spp.) suppresses speargrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel) and increases maize yield. Int. J. Pest management 46: 103-108.

Anoka, U.A., Akobundu, I.O. & Okonkwo, S.N.C., 1991. Effects of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud and Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit on growth and development of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel. Agroforestry Systems 16: 1-12.

Anon. 1996. Imperata Management for Smallholders: an extensionist’s guide to rational Imperata management for smallholders. Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Indonesia, and Natural Resources Institute, United Kingdom. 56 pp.

Avav, T. 2000. Control of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel) with glyphosate and fluazifop-butyl for soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) production in the savanna zone of Nigeria. J. of the Science of Food and Agriculture 80: 193-196.

Chikoye, D. & Ekeleme, F. 2001. Growth characteristics of ten Mucuna accessions and their effects on the dry matter of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Rauesch. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 18: 191-201.

Chikoye, D., Manyong, V.M., Carsky, R., Ekeleme, F., Gbehounou, G. & Ahanchede, A. 2002. Response of speargrass (Imperata cylindrica) to cover crops integrated with hand-weeding and chemical control in maize and cassava. Crop Protection 21: 145-156.

Eussen, J.H.H. & Wirjahardja, S. 1973. Studies on an alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica (L.)Beauv.) vegetation. BIOTROP Bulletin No. 6, Indonesia. 24 pp.

Contributors

ແກ້ວອຸດອນ ສຸວັນນະກູມມານ / Keooudone Souvannakhoummane